← English for Nature Lovers

People and the Planet

Human Impact on Nature

Discuss roads, tourism, energy and land use – and find a balance.

New roads, wind farms, housing estates and tourism all change the landscape. Learn how to describe these changes, weigh up the pros and cons, and talk about responsible behaviour outdoors.

Key Words

Ten essential words with their German meaning and an example sentence.

EnglishGermanExample
land useFlächennutzungLand use has changed a lot in the last fifty years.
land consumptionFlächenverbrauchGermany wants to reduce land consumption.
urban sprawlZersiedelungUrban sprawl is eating into farmland.
infrastructureInfrastrukturNew infrastructure often cuts through habitats.
wind farmWindparkA new wind farm is planned on the hill.
overtourismÜbertourismusSome popular spots suffer from overtourism.
light pollutionLichtverschmutzungLight pollution confuses insects and birds.
footprintFußabdruckEvery holiday leaves an environmental footprint.
to disturbstörenPlease don't disturb nesting birds.
trade-offAbwägung, ZielkonfliktThere's a trade-off between clean energy and the landscape.

Word Partners

Natural English depends on words that belong together. Learn these as complete phrases.

  • to have an impact on
  • to build on green land
  • to strike a balance
  • mass tourism
  • to leave no trace
  • road building
  • the benefits outweigh the costs
  • environmental footprint

"Hikers should leave no trace: take your litter home and stay on the path."

Useful Phrases

Sentence patterns you can use straight away.

Weighing pros and cons

  • On the one hand…, on the other hand…
  • The benefits outweigh the costs.
  • It would create jobs, but…
  • It's a trade-off between… and…

Responsible behaviour outdoors

  • Please stay on the path.
  • Take your litter home.
  • Keep dogs on a lead during the nesting season.
  • Don't feed wild animals.

Talk About It

Answer these questions aloud, write a short paragraph, or discuss them with a partner.

  • Is there a building project in your area that people disagree about?
  • Are wind farms a good idea close to nature?
  • Has tourism changed a place you love?
  • How can we enjoy nature without harming it?

Test Yourself

Click a question to see the answer.

1. What is "Zersiedelung" in English?

Urban sprawl.

2. What do we call artificial light that harms wildlife?

Light pollution.

3. What does "to leave no trace" mean?

To leave nature exactly as you found it.

Explore More

Related topics on Talking English.

Talk about human impact on nature.

Learn the words, use them in real sentences and share what you notice with others.

Enjoy nature. Leave no trace.